Proceeding in Acute Kidney Injury in Asphyxiated Neonates--difficulties and Success.

UNLABELLED Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common consequence of perinatal asphyxia reported in 30 to 70% cases. We present 4 full-term neonates with oliguric/anuric AKI caused by perinatal asphyxia requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) and their long-term outcomes. Patient No. 1 was dialyzed for 12 days (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)/continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CWHDF)), then was treated conservatively, and received pre-emptive kidney transplantation (KTx) at the age of 3 3/12 years. Patient No. 2 was treated with CAPD/automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) for 15 months, due to recovery of renal function, dialysis was withdrawn. He is now 8 5/12 years old and has chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage III. Patient No. 3 after 5 days of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH) required CAPD for 17 days. The child is now 8 4/12 years old and has CKD stage III. Patient No. 4, dialyzed from 3rd day of life for 51 months (CAVH followed by CAPD/APD), was given cadaver KTx at the age of 4 3/12 years. Psychomotor development is good in 2 patients, whereas patients No. 3 and 4 have tetraplegic spastic infantile cerebral palsy, severe mental retardation, and epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS Severe perinatal asphyxia with oliguric/anuric AKI is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease sometimes end-stage renal disease.